chapterseven6


 * Personality Theorists-** Strive to organize people's personalities that are always showing outwardly and are combined uniquely.

1. Are general ways of behaving that will put a person into a broad category of personality 2. They explain differences in people, whether subtle or dramatic 3. They explore how different people in different groups people conduct their lives, why problems arise in certain situations and not others, and why it is more difficult for two people to manage the same problem so differently. 4. They can focus on how people's lives can be improved by looking at their personality traits and understanding why they react the way they do to certain situations.
 * Personality Traits-**
 * ex:** why some people stress about tests and others don't and seem to do fine.

1. Psychoanalytical theory of personality
 * Theories-**


 * __Sigmund Freud__
 * **Freudian slips**: a slip of the tongue dealing with the unconscious mind, that Freud believed was what was really going on inside a person's head and not an accident at all.

What is a Freudian Slip? Just click below for an example! [|Freudian Slip Example]
 * Dreams were an important aspect of Freud's unconscious theory
 * He decided that they were a small window into the mind and he believed that some of our most powerful influences were the ones we weren't even aware of
 * For Freud, childlike experiences and other influential events in a person's life will come back to 'haunt' them in later years
 * The id, ego, and superego are a model of how the mind works and goes about thinking and solving certain situations
 * Id- Instinctual and biological urges or the things that the human mind wants
 * Ego- The rational and thoughtful personality process or is this possible, can I do this?
 * Superego- Morals or what is the right thing to do in each situation

[|A Freudian view of Dr. Seuss's "The Cat In The Hat"]



A defense mechanism to the following site is "that's dumb." What do you think? [|hmmm, does Jud know the answers to your questions?]
 * The Defense Mechanism**- defends the ego from experiencing anxiety about failing
 * **Good**- The defense mechanism can relieve confusion, weather an emotional crisis, and offer time to solve issues
 * **Bad**- The defense mechanism cannot and will not actually solve problems and causes an individual to avoiding facing problem. Only puts off the inevitable


 * Repression**- A painful memory or unacceptable thought pushed out of the conscious into the unconscious
 * A person "forgets" the painful memory, they push it away so they don't have to think about it and bury it.


 * Projection**- the belief that impulses coming from within a person are in reality coming from other people

ex: if you like someone you don't want to like, you tell yourself that you hate them
 * Reaction Formation**- replacing unacceptable feelings or urges with the exact opposite feelings

ex: throwing a teenage temper tantrum when your parents won't let you go out
 * Regression**- going back to earlier and less mature behavior patterns


 * Displacement**- occurs when anxiety provokes the unconscious and the angst is then shifted by the ego to another object to reduce the stress

Psychoanalysists spend years going through childhood memories and analyzing them for what they might reveal about the unconscious



__Carl Jung-__
 * Jung had a positive view of human nature
 * he focused on trying to handle urges, but also developing potential
 * Jung often blames childhood for some of the instinctual urges
 * **Personal Unconscious vs. the collective unconscious**
 * personal unconscious can be defined by Carl Jung himself as a "no mans land" or the outer egdes of consciousness
 * collective unconscious is the idea that the human race shares a basic, collective experience
 * Jung had archetypal, universal ideas

For more information about Carl Jung and his philosophies, feel free to click below: [|All the things you never needed to know about Carl Jung, and then some more after that!]

__Alfred Alder-__
 * The driving force is the need to overcome feelings of inadequacy[[image:adler.jpg width="156" height="217" align="right"]]
 * Alfred Adler defined the **inferiority complex** which consisted of:
 * feelings of inadequecy
 * low self-esteem
 * constant comparison to others

Do you struggle with a form of the inferiority complex? [|Click here to see the seven signs of an inferiority complex!]

For more information about Alfred Alder, please continue to the following website [|Alfred Alder!]

I bet you're now wondering how on Earth to do a major review of ALL the psychology sections we learned? The solution is below! [|Massive psychology quiz!]

Rachael K. and Sarah W.

Works Cited- __Alfred Alder__. __Alfred Alder__. 20 Jan. 2008 . __Carl Jung__. __Carl Jung__. 20 Jan. 2008 . __Carl Jung, Jungian Psychology Quote__. __Carl Jung, Jungian Psychology Quote__. 20 Jan. 2008 . __Id, Ego, and Superego__. __Id, Ego, and Superego__. 20 Jan. 2008 . __Sigmund Freud__. __Sigmund Freud__. 20 Jan. 2008 .